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Termites can distinguish nestmates and non-nestmates through compound communication and gut symbionts: chemicals consisting of hydrocarbons discharged from the cuticle allow the recognition of alien species.148149 Every colony has its own distinct odour. This odour is due to genetic and environmental factors such as the termites' diet and the composition of these bacteria within the termites' intestines.150.

Termites rely on alert communication to defend a colony.134 Alarm pheromones can be released when the nest has been breached or is being attacked by enemies or potential pathogens. Termites always avoid nestmates infected with Metarhizium anisopliae spores, through vibrational signals released by infected nestmates.151 Other methods of defence include intense jerking and secretion of fluids from the frontal gland and defecating faeces containing alarm pheromones.134152.

In some species, some soldiers obstruct tunnels to prevent their enemies from entering the nest, and they may intentionally repaint themselves as an act of defence.153 In cases where the intrusion is coming from a violation which is bigger than the soldier's head, defence requires a special formations where soldiers shape a phalanx-like formation around the breach and bite at intruders.154 When an invasion carried out by Megaponera analis is powerful, an entire colony could be ruined, even though this scenario is infrequent.154.

To termites, any violation of their tunnels or nests is a cause for alarm. When termites discover a potential breach, the soldiers usually bang their heads, apparently to entice different troops for defence and also to recruit additional workers to repair any breach.56 Additionally, an alarmed termite bumps into other termites which induces them to become alerted and to leave pheromone trails to the distressed area, which can be a means to recruit additional workers.56.

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The pantropical subfamily Nasutitermitinae has a specialised caste of soldiers, also known as nasutes, that possess the capability to exude noxious liquids through a horn-like frontal projection that they use for defence.155 Nasutes have dropped their mandibles throughout the plan of evolution and have to be fed by workers.59 A wide variety of monoterpene hydrocarbon solvents have been identified in the fluids which nasutes secrete.156 Similarly, Formosan subterranean termites have been known to secrete naphthalene to protect their nests.157.

Soldiers of the species Globitermes sulphureus commit suicide by autothysis  rupturing a huge gland just beneath the surface of their cuticles. The thick, yellowish fluid in the gland gets very sticky on contact with the atmosphere, entangling ants or other insects that are trying to invade the nest.158159 Another termite, Neocapriterme taracua, also engages in suicidal defence.

When soldiers guarding nest entrances are attacked by intruders, they engage in autothysis, creating a cube that denies entry to any outsider.161.

Employees use several different approaches to deal with their dead, including burying, cannibalism, and avoiding a corpse entirely.162163164 To avoid pathogens, termites occasionally engage in necrophoresis, in which a nestmate conveys away a corpse from the colony to eliminate it elsewhere.165 Which approach is you can try here utilized depends on the nature of the corpse a worker is dealing with (i.e.

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A species of fungus is known to mimic termite eggs, successfully avoiding its natural predators. These small brown balls, known as"termite balls", seldom kill the eggsand in certain cases the workers tend to these.166 This fungus mimics these eggs by producing a cellulose-digesting enzyme known as glucosidases.167 A unique mimicking behavior exists between various species of Trichopsenius beetles and certain particular species within Reticulitermes.

This compound mimicry allows the beetles to integrate themselves within the termite colonies.168 The developed appendages on the physogastric abdomen of Austrospirachtha mimetes allows the beetle to mimic a termite worker.169.

Several species of ant have been known to catch termites to use as a brand new food origin later on, rather than killing them. By way of instance, Formica nigra captures termites, and those who attempt to escape are instantly captured and driven underground.170 Certain species of ants in the subfamily Ponerinae conduct these raids although other ant species move in alone to steal the eggs or nymphs.146 Ants like Megaponera analis attack the exterior of mounds and Dorylinae ants assault underground.146171 Despite this, some termites and more tips here ants can coexist peacefully.

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54 species of ants are known to inhabit Nasutitermes mounds, both inhabited and abandoned ones.174 One reason many ants reside in Nasutitermes mounds is a result of the termites' frequent occurrence in their geographic range; another would be to protect themselves from flooding.174175 Iridomyrmex also inhabits termite mounds but no evidence for any kind of relationship (other than a one) is known.116 In rare situations, certain species of termites live inside busy ant colonies.176 Some invertebrate organisms such as beetles, caterpillars, flies and millipedes are termitophiles and reside inside termite colonies (they are unable to survive independently).56 As a result, certain beetles and flies have evolved with their hosts.